{"id":57,"date":"2024-09-25T04:09:10","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T03:09:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/?page_id=57"},"modified":"2026-01-13T18:30:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T18:30:08","slug":"built-in-commands","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/built-in-commands\/","title":{"rendered":"Built-in Functions"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span>Built-in Functions<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Command<\/strong><\/td>\nDefinition<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
abs()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn the absolute value of a number.<\/td>\n
arch()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string containing the architecture type of the calling machine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
accept()<\/a><\/td>\nAccept a socket connection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
acos()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn the arcosine of the argument<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
args()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array containing the calling application command line arguments.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
asctime()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the formatted date\/time of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
asin()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the arcsine of sine, that is, the length in radians of the arc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
assert()<\/a><\/td>\nExits the program immediately with a non-zero status if `expr` is `false` optionally displaying `msg` to standard error.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
atan()<\/a><\/td>\nreturns the arctangent of tangent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
basename()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the last element of path.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
base64dec()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the base64 decoded output<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
base64enc()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the base64 encoded output of the given string<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
batch()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array split into smaller batch (chunk) sizes.<\/td>\n
bin()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the binary equivalent of a given number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bind()<\/a><\/td>\nConnect to a socket file descriptor using host<\/em>:port<\/em>
\n<\/tr>\n
bool()<\/a><\/td>\nConverts the given value to a boolean..<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
bzcat()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the contents of a bzip compressed file filename<\/em> as a single string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cargs()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of arguments from a given string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the contents of file filename<\/em> as a single string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cbrt()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns cubed root of a given value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cd()<\/a><\/td>\nMove to a different directory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
checkip()<\/a><\/td>\nChecks the given IP address is valid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chmod()<\/a><\/td>\nChange the access permissions of the named file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chown()<\/a><\/td>\nChange the numeric uid and gid of the named file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chr()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the ASCII character of the given integer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cls()<\/a><\/td>\nClears the screen and places the cursor at the top left.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
copy()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array populated with the contents of the originato<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cos()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the cosine of radians. The output range for the cos() function is -1 \u2264 cos() \u2264 1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cosh()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the hyperbolic cosine of the number given<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
count()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn the number of elements with the specified value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cp()<\/a><\/td>\nCopies a file to another named file or destination.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cumulative()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array by increasing by one element after another, and including all the amounts that have been added before.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cut()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the text before and after the given separator.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
date()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the current date and time as a 24-character string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
delete()<\/a><\/td>\nRemove the designated key and it\u2019s content from the named hash.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
difference()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn the list of elements that are unique to a specified array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
dirpath()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns all but the last element of a given path,.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
exit()<\/a><\/td>\nExit script immediately with a given status.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
extend()<\/a><\/td>\nAdds the specified list elements to the end of the first named list.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fields()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of a string split around one or more consecutive white spaces.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
file()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns information about a file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
float()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string or integer as a floating point number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fromkeys()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a hash with the specified keys and the specified value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getegid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the numeric effective group id of the calling process.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
geteuid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the numeric effective user id of the caller.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getgid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the numeric group id of the calling process.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getpid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the process id of the running program.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getppid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the process id of the running program’s parent process.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getuid()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the numeric user id of the running process.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
getwd()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a rooted path name corresponding to the current directory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
glob()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of file names matching the glob pattern.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gzcat()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the contents of a gzip compressed file filename<\/em> as a single string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hasprefix()<\/a><\/td>\nTests whether a string begins with the chosen prefix.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hassuffix()<\/a><\/td>\nTests whether the string ends with suffix.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hex()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the hexadecimal version of a decimal number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hostname()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the host name of the computer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
include()<\/a><\/td>\nInserts the contents of another file into the source code<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
index()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the position in a string or array at which search string begins.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
input()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn result of a string entered by keyboard.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
insert()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the result of inserting the specified value at the specified position of an array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
int()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string or floating point number as an integer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ipincidr()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the IP address if it belongs in a CIDR block.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
issorted()<\/a><\/td>\nChecks if an array is already sorted.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
items()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array containing the key-value pairs of the hash.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
join()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string created from a concatenated array and separator.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
keys()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of hash keys.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kill()<\/a><\/td>\nTerminate a given process.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
len()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn the length of a string, hash, or array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ltrim()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string with all leading characters contained in cutset removed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
match()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string holding the text of the leftmost match of the regular expression.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mkdir()<\/a><\/td>\nCreate a directory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mkdirhier()<\/a><\/td>\nCreate a directory and any parent directory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
oct()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the octal equivalent of a decimal number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ord()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the ASCII value of a given character.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pop()<\/a><\/td>\nRemoves and returns the element from the end of the array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
print()<\/a><\/td>\nPrints text to the current console\/terminal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
printf()<\/a><\/td>\nFormats according to a format specifier and writes to standard output.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
println()<\/a><\/td>\nPrints text to the current console\/terminal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
push()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array with the appended value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
random()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a pseudo-random integer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
range()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a sequence of numbers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
readpw()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns non-echoed keyboard input.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
regexp()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of matched lines from a file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
repeat()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new string consisting of n copies of the string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
replace()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a copy of the string s with the first n non-overlapping instances of old replaced by new.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
replaceall()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a copy of the string s with all non-overlapping instances of old replaced by new.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
reverse()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the reversed contents of an array or string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rtrim()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string with all trailing characters contained in cutset removed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sec2time()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns elapsed days, hours, minutes seconds as a hash for the given amount of seconds.\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
set()<\/a><\/td>\nReturn hash or array with modified\/added key\/pair, or array index.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
setenv()<\/a><\/td>\nSets the value of the environment variable named by the key.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
shift()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array with the first element of `array` removed..<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
shuffle()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array with the elements in a random order.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sin()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the sine of a number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sinh()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the hyperbolic sine of a number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sleep()<\/a><\/td>\nPauses the application for the stated duration.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
socket()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a file descriptor of a socket awaiting configuration.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sort()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array with data in ascending order.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
split()<\/a><\/td>\nSplits a string into an array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
splithostport()<\/a><\/td>\nSplits a string of host:port values into an array<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sprintf()<\/a><\/td>\nFormats according to a format specifier and returns the result.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
string()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns any data type as a string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
substr()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a substring of a given string indicated by the starting position and the substring length.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sum()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a number, the sum of all items in an array.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
swap()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array, with the values of the given indexes swapped.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
syslog()<\/a><\/td>\nSimple interface to the system log service.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
system()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the output of a system command as a string.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tan()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the tangent of the radian argument.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tanh()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the hyperbolic tangent of the argument.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
time()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the number of seconds since 00:00:00 GMT January 1, 1970.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tmpnam()<\/a><\/td>\nCreates a new temporary file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tolower()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string where all characters are lower case.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
touch()<\/a><\/td>\nUpdates the modification time of a given file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
toupper()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string where all characters are upper case.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
trim()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string with all leading and trailing characters contained in cutset removed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
trimprefix()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a string with the stated prefix removed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
trimsuffix()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a strings with the stated suffix removed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
type()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the data type of the given value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ucount()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a hash containing a count of unique elements in an array<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
union()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a set that contains all items from the original array, and all items from the specified array(s).
\n<\/tr>\n
uniq()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array with all duplicates removed.
\n<\/tr>\n
unlink()<\/a><\/td>\nRemoves the named file or empty directory.
\n<\/tr>\n
unzip()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns an array of zipped data into separate arrays within an array container.\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
unsetenv()<\/a><\/td>\nUnsets a single environment variable.
\n<\/tr>\n
whoami()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns the username (login name) of the user that is running the current process.
\n<\/tr>\n		zip()<\/a><\/td>\nReturns a new array using combined elements of named arrays.
\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Built-in Functions Command Definition abs() Return the absolute value of a number. arch() Returns a string containing the architecture type of the calling machine. accept() Accept a socket connection acos() Return the arcosine of the argument args() Returns an array containing the calling application command line arguments. asctime() Returns the formatted date\/time of seconds since … Continue reading “Built-in Functions”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-57","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57"}],"version-history":[{"count":109,"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1355,"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/57\/revisions\/1355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monkey.ploogie.co.uk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}